重慶路燈生產廠家：太陽能路燈構成及特性

隨著地球資源(yuan)的(de)日益貧乏(fa)，基(ji)礎能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)投資成本日益攀高，各種(zhong)安全(quan)和污染隱患無處不(bu)在，太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)作為一種(zhong)“取之不(bu)盡，用之不(bu)竭”的(de)安全(quan)、環(huan)保新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)越(yue)來越(yue)受重視。同時，也隨著太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)光伏(fu)技(ji)術的(de)發展(zhan)和進步，太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)發電(dian)在路(lu)燈照明領域發展(zhan)突飛猛進。

什么是太陽能路燈？

太(tai)陽能路(lu)燈(deng)是(shi)采用(yong)晶體硅太(tai)陽能電(dian)池(chi)供電(dian)，蓄電(dian)池(chi)儲存電(dian)能，超高亮(liang)LED作為光源，并由智(zhi)能化(hua)充放電(dian)控制器控制，用(yong)于代(dai)替(ti)傳統(tong)公用(yong)電(dian)力照明的路(lu)燈(deng)。

太陽(yang)能路(lu)燈的主(zhu)要組(zu)成部分：太陽(yang)能板、蓄電池、控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)、光源、燈桿。

太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路(lu)燈的工作(zuo)原理是(shi)什(shen)么？

白天：太(tai)陽能板吸(xi)收太(tai)陽光譜產生電(dian)(dian)能，經過控制器(qi)(qi)控制轉換，將太(tai)陽能板產生的電(dian)(dian)量，儲存到蓄電(dian)(dian)池里面。晚(wan)上：蓄電(dian)(dian)池里面的電(dian)(dian)能經過控制器(qi)(qi)轉換，驅動LED光源(yuan)發光。

太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)路燈由太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)板、蓄(xu)電池(chi)、控制器(qi)、光源、燈桿等組成(cheng)，接(jie)下來為大家(jia)介紹太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)路燈的(de)核心組件。

主要(yao)組成——太陽能板

太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)板--又稱(cheng)為“太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)芯片(pian)”或“光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)”“太(tai)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)”，是一種利用(yong)太(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)直(zhi)接發電(dian)(dian)(dian)的光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)半(ban)導體(ti)(ti)薄片(pian)。太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是通過光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應或者光(guang)化(hua)學(xue)效應直(zhi)接把(ba)光(guang)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的裝(zhuang)置。以光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應工作的多晶硅(gui)、單晶硅(gui)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)為主流(liu)(liu)(liu)。太(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)照在(zai)半(ban)導體(ti)(ti)p-n結上(shang)，形(xing)成新的空(kong)穴--電(dian)(dian)(dian)子對(dui)。在(zai)p-n結電(dian)(dian)(dian)場的作用(yong)下，空(kong)穴由n區流(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)p區，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子由p區流(liu)(liu)(liu)向(xiang)n區，接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)路而形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。

太(tai)陽能電(dian)池分(fen)類：單晶硅電(dian)池、多晶硅電(dian)池、非晶硅電(dian)池、薄膜(mo)電(dian)池

太陽能電池片種類

太陽能電池各種類區(qu)別也很(hen)大，具體如(ru)下：

主要組成——蓄電池

把電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)儲存為(wei)化學能(neng)(neng)，需要放電(dian)(dian)時再次把化學能(neng)(neng)轉換(huan)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，將這類電(dian)(dian)池稱(cheng)為(wei)蓄電(dian)(dian)池。

一般有(you)鉛酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、Ni-Cd蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、Ni-H蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)的選擇一般要遵(zun)循以下原則：首先在能(neng)(neng)滿(man)足夜晚照(zhao)明(ming)的前提下，把白天太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組件(jian)的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)盡量(liang)存儲(chu)下來(lai)，同時還要能(neng)(neng)夠存儲(chu)滿(man)足連續陰雨天夜晚照(zhao)明(ming)需要的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)過(guo)小不(bu)能(neng)(neng)夠滿(man)足夜晚照(zhao)明(ming)的需要，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)過(guo)大(da)，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)使(shi)用不(bu)完，造成(cheng)浪(lang)費(fei)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)應與太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷（路燈）相匹配。可用一種簡單(dan)方(fang)法確定它們之(zhi)間的關(guan)系(xi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)要求滿(man)足陰雨天消耗能(neng)(neng)量(liang)的總(zong)和(he)，太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)板的功(gong)率滿(man)足一天有(you)效光照(zhao)條件(jian)下能(neng)(neng)充滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。

不(bu)同電池體系性能對比

不同鋰電池材料體系性(xing)能對(dui)比 

主(zhu)要組成——光伏控(kong)制器

光伏(fu)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)：控(kong)(kong)制太(tai)陽能板對(dui)(dui)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以及(ji)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)給負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)自動控(kong)(kong)制設備。無(wu)論太(tai)陽能路(lu)燈大小，一個性(xing)能良好的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)不可或缺。為了延長蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使用壽(shou)命，必須對(dui)(dui)它的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條(tiao)件加以限制，防止蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)深度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)溫差較大的(de)地方，合格的(de)控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)還應具備溫度補償功能。

光伏控制器特點：

1、完(wan)善的保護功能：超(chao)溫，反接，短路，過流(liu)，過充/放等。

2、功(gong)率調(diao)節：根據(ju)每天充(chong)電(dian)量(liang)，自(zi)動(dong)調(diao)節放電(dian)功(gong)率

3、歷(li)史數(shu)據(ju)：可以讀取7天工作的歷(li)史數(shu)據(ju)   

4、狀態指示：指示當前所處的工作狀態

5、太陽能板*大效(xiao)率跟蹤

主要組(zu)成——LED光源

LED（Light Emitting Diode），發(fa)光(guang)(guang)二極管，是一種固(gu)態的(de)半(ban)導體器件(jian)，半(ban)導體中的(de)載流子(zi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)復合引起光(guang)(guang)子(zi)反射而產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)光(guang)(guang)。具有高亮度(du)、能耗(hao)、壽(shou)命(ming)長(chang)、啟動快(kuai)，功率(lv)小、無頻(pin)閃(shan)、不容易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)視覺(jue)疲勞等優(you)點。

貼片LED燈珠分類

LED燈珠特點：

1、體積小(xiao)，LED基本上是一塊(kuai)很小(xiao)的(de)芯片(pian)封裝(zhuang)在環氧樹脂里(li)面，所以(yi)它(ta)非常小(xiao)、也(ye)很輕。

2、使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命長，理論(lun)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命10萬小時(shi)，實(shi)際使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命達到5萬小時(shi)以上。

3、環保，LED材料都(dou)是使用環保材料制成(cheng)，不含污染有(you)毒(du)物質(zhi)。

4、節能，同樣功率(lv)的(de)LED燈(deng)與普通白熾燈(deng)和(he)日光燈(deng)相(xiang)比，功率(lv)只要白熾燈(deng)的(de)1/6,日光燈(deng)的(de)1/2

燈桿

燈桿的(de)高度(du)應根據(ju)道路(lu)的(de)寬度(du)、燈具的(de)間距，道路(lu)的(de)照度(du)標(biao)準(zhun)確定。可(ke)根據(ju)各地特(te)(te)色配(pei)備富有特(te)(te)色的(de)燈桿，使燈桿兼顧美(mei)觀和(he)節(jie)能特(te)(te)性(xing)。